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Horses the only modern genus of the family horse detachment equines. Female horses are called mares males stallions. Horses called either stallions or castrated stallions geldings.

The evolution of horses is well documented fossils that show how small the size of a dog forestry animal propalaeotherium possessing hooves instead of fingers for 50 million years has become a large hoofed inhabitants of open spaces. Main speciation occurred within North America where existed on the natural bridge is their penetration into Eurasia where possible in the absence of the Bering Strait and to the formation of a powerful ice sheet.

The evolution of horses began in the Eocene about 55 million years ago. While there Hyracotherium the ancestor of all present a small little animal with the height at the shoulder is 20 cm the small teeth to chew its leaves and fruit. Hyracotherium does not resemble today's horses. This animal was arched back short neck and muzzle short legs and a long tail. It was a stocky creature the size of a fox with chetyrohpalymi limbs. Skull and brain volume was relatively small.

About 50 million years ago stood out from Hyracotherium race Orohippus. First of all we changed the limbs and teeth orogippus prefer more solid vegetarian food. Three million years later orogippusy evolved into a new genus Epihippus. Meanwhile the climate has changed significantly in North America has become drier the forests have decreased giving way to the open savannas. This was a key event in the evolution of horses as they were forced to adapt to new conditions. They have become larger allowing them to move more quickly and completely switched to herbal food.

Race formed 40 million years ago Mesohippus. Height at the withers of the horse was about 60 cm the back was not more curved as her ancestors and legs neck and face became longer. Also changed the structure of its hooves. About 35 million years ago he moved to the genus Miohippus whose representatives became even more and their faces were extended further.

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